صحة و جمال

سرطان الثدي للنساء وأعراضه و 5 طرق علاج

سرطان الثدي وأعراضه

سرطان الثدي للنساء من الأمراض التي انتشرت في الآونة الأخيرة بشكل كبير وملحوظ، وذلك بسبب انتشار الكثير من العادات السيئة في تناول الأغذية والمشروبات الغير صحية، التي تسبب العديد من الأمراض السرطانية، وكذلك انتشار التدخين بصورة كبيرة، مع عدم اهتمام الكثير من الناس بممارسة الرياضة، وقد انتشر هذا المرض بصورة أكبر في النساء وفي السيدات كبيرة السن.

سرطان الثدي للنساء وأعراضه و5 طرق علاجه

سرطان الثدي
سرطان الثدي

هناك العديد من العلامات التي تدل على وجود هذا المرض، وأبرزها:

  • سرطان الثدي للنساء يتمثل في ظهور كتلة من الأنسجة تختلف في صفاتها عن نسيج الثدي الطبيعي، وهذه الكتلة هي سبب اكتشاف المرض عند ما يقارب من 80 في المائة من حالات سرطان الثدي، حيث تشعر بها المرأة فتبدأ في الفحص الطبي الذي يؤكد أو ينفي وجود هذا المرض.
  • يتم الكشف المبكر عن هذا المرض باستخدام جهاز الماموغرام.
  • وجود انتفاخ في العقد الليمفية في منطقة الإبط يشير إلى وجود سرطان الثدي.
  • وكذلك كبر أو صغر أحد الثديين عن الآخر قد يشير إلى وجود سرطان الثدي.
  • وتغير شكل الجلد في الثدي حيث يحدث فيه تجعيد أو يصير ذو مظهر منفر، حيث يبدأ في ظهور الطفح الجلدي حول حلمة الثدي أو فوقها
  • وكذلك خروج بعض السوائل من حلمة الثدي.
  • الشعور بالألم المتواصل في جزء من أجزاء الثدي أو في منطقة الإبط، حيث يحدث تورم في منطقة الإبط أو حول الترقوة.
  • يجب الانتباه إلى أن هذه الأعراض فقط مثل الألم لا تعد دليلًا كافيا على وجود سرطان الثدي، لكنه مؤشر لوجود مشاكل صحية في الثدي.

أنواع سرطان الثدي

داء باجيت في الثدي

حيث يشكل تشخيص هذا النوع تحديًا كبيرا؛ نظرًا لأن أعراض هذا المرض تشبه أعراض التهاب الثدي، حيث تتمثل أعراضه فيما يلي:

  • وجود حكة، وألام.
  • حدوث انتفاخ واحمرار وحدوث سخونة في الثدي.
  • حدوث انسحاب في حلمة الثدي إلى الداخل.
  • كذلك يصير ملمس جلد الثدي نفس ملمس قشر البرتقال.
  • وقد يصاحب ذلك خروج سائل من حلمة الثدي، وما يعادل نصف حالات النساء المصابات بمتلازمة بيجيت يُظهر عندهم كتلة في الثدي.
  • قد ينتقل سرطان الثدي من مكان إلى آخر داخل الجسد، حيث قد ينتقل إلى العظم أو الكبد أو إلى الرئتين أو إلى المخ.

شاهد أيضًا: الرضاعة الطبيعية نصائح مفيدة في بداية الأمومة 2021.

اختراق طبي في علاج سرطان الثدي بجرعة إشعاعية واحدة | اندبندنت عربية

أبرز أعراض سرطان الثدي

  • هو خسارة الوزن الغير مبررة، مع ما يصاحب ذلك من ارتفاع درجة الحرارة أو اليرقان والقشعريرة.
  • وقد يصاحب ذلك ألم في العظام أو المفاصل، وكل هذه الأعراض من أعراض سرطان الثدي التنقلي.

الأسباب والعوامل التي قد تزيد من تصيب من احتمالية الإصابة

يوجد العديد من الأسباب والعوامل التي تزيد من احتمالية الإصابة بهذا المرض، حيث يمكن تصنيف هذه العوامل إلى مجموعتين:

المجموعة الأولى:

  • عوامل الخطر القابلة للتغيير، وهي الأمور التي يمكن للإنسان أن يغيرها في نفسه، مثل: التقليل من شرب المشروبات لكحولية والأغذية الغير صحية وغير ذلك من العادات السيئة في الطعام والشراب.

المجموعة الثانية:

  • وهي عوامل ثابتة المخاطر، وهي الأمور التي لا يمكن للإنسان تغييرها بأي حال، مثل السن والجنس البيولوجي.

عوامل الإصابة بسرطان الثدي

هناك بعض العوامل التي تشير إلى الإصابة بمرض سرطان الثدي، وأهمها التالي:

  • الجنس حيث أن النساء أكثر عرضة للإصابة بسرطان الثدي من الرجال
  • ثم أن فرصة الإصابة بسبب التقدم في العمر أكثر من غيرها في الشباب.
  • قلة الإنجاب أو عدمه.
  • انعدام الرضاعة الطبيعية من الأم؛ حيث أن هذه الرضاعة تكسب الجسم مناعة قوية، تحميه من مثل هذه الأمراض.
  • زيادة نسب هرمونات معينة في جسم المرأة هي التي تزيد من فرص الإصابة بهذا المرض.
  • التدخين المباشر، أو التعرض للتدخين بشكل غير مباشر مثل كثرة الجلوس في أماكن يتم التدخين فيها يزيد من نسبة الإصابة بمرض السرطان بمعدل 35 إلى 50 بالمائة.
  • قلة ممارسة الرياضة، حيث أن ممارسة الرياضة تقلل من فرص الإصابة بمرض سرطان الثدي، عمومًا فإن ممارسة الرياضة ترفع من مناعة الجسم التي تقيه من العديد من الأمراض.
  • يلعب عامل الوراثة دورًا هاما في زيادة فرص الإصابة بمرض سرطان الثدي، حيث يعتقد العلماء أن الوراثة هي السبب لإصابة من 5 إلى 10 في المائة من الناس بمرض سرطان الثدي.
  • فالإصابة ببعض الأمراض قد تكون سبب في الإصابة بسرطان الثدي، مثل:
  • الإصابة باضطرابات الثدي الحميدة.
  • الإصابة بالتهابات الثدي الكيسي، فهذه الأمراض تزيد من نسبة الإصابة بمرض سرطان الثدي.

طرق تشخيص المرض والكشف عنه

أصبح من السهل تشخيص جميع أنواع سرطان الثدي للنساء، أو أغلبها وذلك عن طريق عمل تحليل مجهري لعينة يتم أخذها من الثدي المصاب، ولكن هناك بعض الأنواع النادرة من سرطان الثدي تتطلب تشخيصات مخبرية متخصصة جدا.

الطرق المستخدمة للكشف عن المرض

أولًا: الفحص البدني للثدي ويتم ذلك من خلال أخصائية الرعاية الصحية التي تقوم بالكشف على المرأة.

ثانيًا: يتم الفحص من خلال جهاز التصوير الشعاعي للثدي (الماموغرام).

شاهد أيضًا: سرطان الثدي.

ختامًا فسرطان الثدي للنساء من الأمراض الخطيرة، ولها أسباب متعددة تم ذكر معظمها، ويجب على الإنسان وخاصة المرأة أن تقوم بصفة دورية بالفحص الطبي في مقر الرعاية الطبية الأقرب لها، لتدارك هذا المرض إن قدر الله تعالى الإصابة به في بداية الأمر، فإن علاج أي مرض يكون أيسر إذا تم تداركه في بداية المرض، وأنصح بالبعد عن مسببات التي تم ذكرها في المقال خاصة المسببات التي يمكن للإنسان تغييرها مثل البعد عن المشروبات الكحولية وكذلك تناول الأغذية الصحية التي ترفع من مناعة الجسم وتساعده في مقاومة هذا المرض.

 

اعراض سرطان الثدى وأسبابه وعلاجه - اليوم السابع

Sohati - هل يمكن الاصابة بسرطان ثدي دون ورم ملموس

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