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لقاحات كورونا: ماذا يحدث لمناعة جسمك عند تأخير أخذ الجرعة الثانية؟

هل من الآمن تأخير الجرعة الثانية من لقاح ‎«كوفيد»؟

هل يوجد خطر على الجسم عند تأخير أخد الجرعة الثانية من لقاح كورونا ؟ هل التأخير يشكل تطور لسلالات كورونا ؟ هل التأخير في تلقي الجرعة الثانية يؤدي إلى زيادة الاجسام المضادة في الجسم ؟

لماذا نحتاج إلى جرعتين من لقاح كورونا (كوفيد) ؟ 

تعمل اللقاحات على تهيئة جهاز المناعة للجسم  على التصدي ضد أي هجمات أي مرض يمكن حدوثه . هناك لقاحات مضادة لكل  من مولدات الأمراض الفيروسية والبكتيرية، أو العوامل المسببة للمرض تصمَم اللقاحات لتوليد الاستجابة المناعية في الجسم التي تكون قادرة على الحماية  في حال التعرض للمرض. ، يقوم الجهاز المناعي بعمل أجسام مضادة تكمن فاعليتها ووظيفتها في المحاولة للدفاع والتصدي .

لقاح كورونا

تختلف مقدرة الاستجابة المناعية و فعالية الأجسام المضادة في مكافحة المرض من جسم لآخر ، إذ إنه يمكن ان تحدث أو لا تحدث الإصابة. إذا كانت الاستجابة قليلة و أُصِبْت بالمرض، ستظهر الأجسام المضادة التي وظيفتها الوقوف في جسمك ك”كونترول” حتى بعد تعافيك من المرض. فإذا تعرض جسمك لمولدات المرض نفسه مستقبلًا، فإن الأجسام المضادة “تتعرف” عليه وتكافحه وتمنعه . إن تلقي اللقاح ، فائدته تكمن بجعل جهاز مناعتك يولد الأجسام المضادة لمكافحة المرض . ونتيجة لذلك، فلن يكون الشخص الذي تلقى اللقاح محميا بنسبة كبيرة  . مع ذلك، ففعالية معظم اللقاحات عالية. بعد تلقي الجرعة الثانية من لقاح.

يقول توماس ديني، مدير التشغيل بمعهد ديوك للقاحات البشرية: إن اللقاحات ذات الجرعتين تهدف إلى تحقيق الفائدة العالية؛ إذ إن الجرعة الأولى من اللقاح تولد الذاكرة المناعية للجسم، على حين تقوم الجرعة الثانية تقوم  بتعزيزها ، مضيفًا: “يمكن أن نتصور هذه العملية على هيئة منحنى “جرعة واحدة من لقاح كورونا ” فايزر” قادرة على خفض احتمال إصابة الشخص العادي بالعدوى المصاحبة بأعراض بنسبة تصل إلى 50%.

أما جرعة واحدة من لقاح “مودرنا” فهي قادرة على خفض الاحتمال بنسبة 80 في المئة، ولجرعتين من أيٍّ من اللقاحين القدرة على خفض احتمال الإصابة بنسبة 95% .

شير نتائج التجارب التي أُجريت على لقاحي “فايزر” و”مودرنا” إلى أن المناعة ضد المرض تبدأ في الظهور بعد مرور حوالي 14 يومًا من التطعيم بالجرعة الأولى، إذ ثبت ارتفاع معدل الإصابات بين مَن تلقوا اللقاح، في حين لم يرتفع معدل الإصابات بين مَن تلقوه، كما تقول الدراسات أن جرعة واحدة من أيٍّ من اللقاحين كانت قادرةً على تحقيق الحماية من الإصابة الشديدة.

وتحدث استشاري العناية الحرجة والأمراض المعدية السعودي، عوض العمري لقناة (إم بي سي)، عن التأخر في تلقي الجرعة الثانية من لقاح كورونا وهل يؤثر هذا التأخر بأخذه  على زيادة توليد الأجسام المضادة في الجسم ؟

قال العمري: “الدلائل العلمية حتى الان أظهرت بأن التأخير في تلقي الجرعة الثانية من اللقاح تكون مناعة الجسم أقوى ، وتم إثبات ذلك علميّا في لقاح أكسفورد”. وتابع: “أعتقد أن تأخير الجرعة الثانية من اللقاح لا يشكل  ضرر كبير”. وأكد أن “حكومات العالم أمام مواجه كبيرة ، بسبب نقص التطعيمات، كما إنه يرى بأن الحكومات اتبعت الطريقة الأمثل بإعطاء أكبر عدد ممكن من المواطنين الجرعة الأولى” من اللقاح. وأوضح أن “المدة الأنسب بين تناول الجرعتين ليست معروفة حتى الآن، وكل شيء يعتمد على مدى وإمكانية الدول في توفير اللقاح .

لقاح كورونا

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‫401 تعليقات

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