حساسية القمح أو الغلوتين وأعراضه
حساسية القمح ما أعراضها و ما الأطعمة التي تسببها، وكيف تُشخَّص :
حساسية الأطعمة من أكثر أمراض الحساسية المنتشرة بين فئات المجتمع أحدها حساسيه الجلوتين أو ما يسمى بحساسية القمح . يسبب هدا النوع من الحساسية إرتياع وتوجس للمصابين يؤثر هذا النوع من الحساسية على صحة الجهاز الهضمي لما له من دور أساسي في عملية الهضم عادةً ما يصيب هدا النوع من الحساسية الأمعاء الدقيقة التي بدورها مسؤولة عن امتصاص الطعام بعض الحالات تشخص بحساسية القمح عن طريق تناول أطعمه تحتوي على القمح وبعضها الأخر يشخص على استنشاق دقيق القمح .
هناك أربعة فئات مختلفة من بروتينات القمح التي تسبب الحساسية هي الألبيومين (Albumin)، الجلوبيولين (Globulin)، جلادين (Gliadin)، الجلوتين(Gluten). تحدث هده الحساسية نتيجة إنتاج الجسم أجسامًا مضادة للبروتينات الموجودة في القمح في هذا المقال سنعرفك بما هي حساسية القمح ، وما أعراضها، وما الأطعمة التي تسببها، وكيف تُشخَّص .
المحتويات
الأعراض
المصابون بحساسية القمح تظهر عليهم الأعراض التالية باختلاف درجه حدوثها من جسم لآخر :
- ورم أو تهيج في الفم أو الحلق.
- طفح جلدي مصحوب بحكة أو تورم في الجلد.
- احتقان بالأنف.
- الصداع.
- صعوبة في التنفس.
- تشنجات أو قيء أو غثيان.
- إسهال.
- لون جلد شاحب.
- دوار او إغماء شديد.
- الوفاة في بعض الحالات .
اختبار حساسية القمح وتشخيصها :
- الفحص الجلدي : عند ظهور علامات الاحمرار أو الانتفاخ على جلد المصاب يلجئ الطبيب إلى فحص الجلد بحقن مستخلصات بروتين القمح تحت سطح الجلد.
- فحص الدم : يفحص الطبيب عينة من الدم بحثًا عن بعض الأجسام المضادة التي تسبب الحساسية.
العلاج والوقاية من حساسية القمح :
لكل داء دواء وخير الدواء هو إتباع نظام غدائي مناسب ، عليك تجنب تناول الأغذية التي تحتوي على بروتينات القمح مثل:
- الخبز.
- الكيك والكعك.
- الكوكيز بأنواعه.
- المعكرونة.
- الدقيق والسميد.
- صوص الصويا.
- بعض التوابل والمعلبات ، مثل الكاتشب.
- منتجات اللحوم، مثل الهوت دوج واللحوم الباردة.
- منتجات الألبان، مثل الايس كريم.
- الدواجن المضاف إليها الدهن
- رقائق حبوب الإفطار (السيريال)
العلاج وبعض الإرشادات :
الالتزام بالنظام الغذائي الخالي من القمح هو أول النصائح الإجبارية للمصابين بالداء يمكنك اعتبار العديد من الأطعمة الخالية من القمح نظام غذائي صحي لك :
- الفواكه والخضروات
- البقوليات والبذور والمكسرات بأشكالها الطبيعية
- البيض
- الدجاج والأسماك واللحوم غير المعالجة الخالية من الدهون
- معظم منتجات مشتقات الحليب قليلة الدسم
- الكينوا
- الكتان
هناك بعض الحالات تشخص على إنها تحتاج لعلاج طبي قد يصف الطبيب هذه العلاجات:
- المواد المضادة للهستامين وهي مضادة للالتهابات والحساسية.
- الحقن الموسعة للشعب الهوائية وتؤخذ في الحالات الطارئة وتحت إشراف الطبيب.
- المكملات الغذائية في بعض الحالات لتعويض نقص الفيتامينات والمعادن الموجودة في القمح.
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